https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC

Комиссия по ценным бумагам и биржам США (англ. The United States Securities and Exchange Commission, SEC) — агентство правительства США является главным органом, осуществляющим функции надзора и регулирования американского рынка ценных бумаг. Комиссия была создана в 1934 году при президенте Рузвельте. Целью создания Комиссии было восстановление доверия инвесторов к фондовому рынку в период Великой депрессии. Первым председателем SEC стал Джозеф Кеннеди, отец будущего президента страны Джона Кеннеди.

Комиссия была создана в соответствии с Законом о торговле ценными бумагами 1934 г. (Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Помимо данного закона деятельность Комиссии регулируется следующими существенными законами:

• Закон о ценных бумагах (Securities Act of 1933)
• Закон о трастовом соглашении 1939 г. (the Trust Indenture Act of 1939)
• Закон об инвестиционных компаниях 1940 г. (the Investment Company Act of 1940)
• Закон об инвестиционных консультантах 1940 г. (the Investment Advisers Act of 1940)
• Закон Сарбейнза — Оксли 2002 г. (the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)

В настоящий момент председателем Комиссии является Джей Клэйтон, назначенный Президентом США Дональдом Трампом и одобренный Сенатом США.^[1]

Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs)

https://www.sec.gov/ICO

Companies and individuals are increasingly considering initial coin offerings (ICOs) as a way to raise capital or participate in investment opportunities. While these digital assets and the technology behind them may present a new and efficient means for carrying out financial transactions, they also bring increased risk of fraud and manipulation because the markets for these assets are less regulated than traditional capital markets.

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• [+]ICOs can be securities offerings.

• [-]They may need to be registered.

  ICOs that are securities most likely need to be registered with the SEC or fall under an exemption to registration.

• [+]Tokens sold in ICOs can be called many things.

• [+]ICOs may pose substantial risks.

• [+]Ask questions before investing.

What investors need to know

So, what do you need to know about ICOs before investing? Start with some basic research on Investor.gov and take note of the following:

• [+]Products can be sold and traded internationally.

• [+]Research your financial professional.

• [+]If an investment sounds too good to be true, be cautious.

• [+]Understand how the product is traded.

What market professionals need to know

As SEC Chairman Jay Clayton has stated, tokens and offerings that feature and market the potential for profits based on the entrepreneurial or managerial efforts of others contain the hallmarks of a security under U.S. law.

• [+]Use caution before promoting offers and selling coins.

• [+]The SEC protects Investors, and expects you to.

• [+]SEC Report of Investigation on Coin or Token Offerings.

• [+]Know when an exchange needs to be registered.

ICO Updates

• ICO Issuer Settles SEC Registration Charges, Agrees to Return Funds and Register Tokens As Securities
  Feb. 19, 2020
• SEC Charges Founder, Digital-Asset Issuer With Fraudulent ICO
  Dec. 11, 2019
• SEC Charges International Dealer That Sold Security-Based Swaps to U.S. Investors
  Oct. 31, 2019
• SEC Orders Blockchain Company to Pay $24 Million Penalty for Unregistered ICO
  Sept. 30, 2019
• SEC Charges ICO Incubator and Founder for Unregistered Offering and Unregistered Broker Activity
  Sept. 18, 2019

More

DID YOU KNOW?

The SEC is actively protecting investors from unregistered or fraudulent ICOs, see examples of enforcement actions and trading suspensions here.

Modified: Jan. 7, 2020